Which arteries emerge from the common iliac artery to supply the pelvis and lower limb?

• A. Internal and External Iliac Arteries
• B. Intercostal and Lumbar Arteries
• C. Anterior Tibial and Posterior Tibial
• D. Inferior Mesenteric and Superior Mesenteric Arteries

Answer: (A)

The common iliac arteries split into two branches: the internal iliac and the external iliac. The internal iliac supplies the pelvis, including pelvic organs and gluteal region, while the external iliac continues toward the lower limb and becomes the femoral artery after passing under the inguinal ligament, delivering blood to the thigh and lower leg. The other arteries listed don’t arise from the common iliac: intercostal and lumbar arteries come off the aorta to supply the thoracic and posterior abdominal walls; the tibial arteries are branches of the popliteal artery in the leg; and the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries supply the intestines.